I-Hydraulic enezikhuthazo ze-solenoid Amavalvu ezihlalo aqondile, Amavalvu e-spool aqondile

Ama-valve aqondile, az known njengezivalo zokulawula ezihambisanayo noma ama-DCVs, ayizakhi ezibalulekile ezinhlelweni ze-hydraulic nezepneumatic. Zisetshenziselwa ukulawula ukuhamba kwe-fluid, ngokuvamile uwoyela noma igesi, ngaphakathi kohlelo ngokuyiqondisa ezindleleni ezahlukene kuye ngokuthi umsebenzi ofunwa. Ama-valve aqondile abalulekile ekulawuleni ukuhamba kwezakhi ezifana nezindandatho nemishini kulezi zinhlelo.

Nansi eminye imininingwane ebalulekile mayelana namavalvu akhokhela ukuhamba:

1. **Izinhlobo Zamavalvu Aqondile**:
- **I-Valve ye-2/2**: Uhlobo oluyisisekelo olunama-port amabili (ukufaka nokuphuma) kanye nezikhundla ezimbili (ivuliwe nevalwe). Ivumela ukuhamba kusuka kokufaka kuya kokuphuma noma ivimbe.
- **3/2-Way Valve**: Le valvu inezikhala ezintathu (izindawo ezimbili nezindawo eziyodwa) nezikhundla ezimbili. Ingaxhuma indawo eyodwa endaweni eyodwa ngenkathi ivala enye noma ngokuphambene.
- **4/2-Way Valve**: Lokhu kuyi-extensions ye-3/2-way valve enezikhala ezine (izindawo ezimbili nezindawo ezimbili) nezikhundla ezimbili. Ingaxhuma indawo eyodwa kuzo zombili izindawo noma izihlalise.
- **3/3-Way Valve**: I-valvu eyinkimbinkimbi enezindawo ezintathu nezindawo ezintathu, ivumela ukuhlela okuhlukahlukene kokuhamba.
- **4/3-Way Valve**: Le valvu inezindawo ezine nezindawo ezintathu, inikeza ezinye izinketho zokulawula ukuhamba.

2. **Ukusebenza**:
- **Ukusebenza Ngokwezandla**: Amanye amavalvu akhokhela ukuhamba asebenza ngezandla asebenzisa i-lever noma i-knob.
- **Asebenza nge-Pilot**: Lawa mavalvu asebenzisa inani elincane le-fluid ukulawula i-spool ye-valve enkulu. Angahlukaniswa ngokuqhubekayo abe ngama-direct-acting (asebenzisa i-fluid efanayo ye-pilot kanye nezinyathelo ezinkulu) noma asebenza nge-pilot (asebenzisa i-fluid ehlukile ye-pilot stage).
- **Asebenza nge-Solenoid**: Amavalvu alawulwa ngogesi asebenzisa i-solenoid ukuhamba kwe-spool.
- **Okusebenza Ngengcindezi**: Ukusebenza kwevalvu kusekelwe ekwehlukaniseni kwengcindezi phakathi kwamaphuzu ayo.

3. **Izicelo**:
- **Izinhlelo ze-Hydraulic**: Ezikhaleni ze-hydraulic, ama-valve aqondile alawula ukuhamba kowoyela ezindandatho ezifana nezindandatho nemishini, avumela imisebenzi efana nokuphakamisa, ukpush, ukuhoxisa, noma ukujikeleza.
- **Izinhlelo zePneumatic**: Ezingxenyeni ze-pneumatic, zilawula ukuhamba komoya ophumile ukuze zisebenze, zenze imisebenzi efana nokuphakela amathuluzi noma ukuhamba kwezingxenye emishinini ezenzakalelayo.

4. **Izici**:
- **Isilinganiso Sokuhamba**: Inani le-fluid elingadlula ivavhu ngenyanga yesikhathi.
- **Ukulinganiswa KwePressure**: Ingcindezi ephezulu engaphathwa yivavhu ngaphandle kokwehluleka.
- **Ukuvuza**: Inani le-fluid elidlula ivavhu lapho kufanele ivale. Ukuvuza okuphansi kuyafunwa.
- **Isikhathi Sokuphendula**: Ukushesha okungashintsha ivavhu ivela kwesinye isimo iye kwesinye.

5. **Ukugcinwa**:
- Amavalvu aqondile adinga ukugcinwa njalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle nokuphila isikhathi eside. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuhlanza, ukuhlola ukugqoka nokuphinda ufake ama-seal nama-gasket njengoba kudingeka.

Ukuqonda izimiso nezicelo zevalvu ezihambisayo kubalulekile ekwakheni nasekugcineni izinhlelo ze-hydraulic ne-pneumatic. Ukukhetha kahle nokusebenzisa lezi zivalvu kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle nokwethembeka kwalesi simo.

Amavalvu akhokhela ukuhamba kwamanzi nokwenza kube khona ukuhamba noma ukujikeleza kwezikhala ze-hydraulic (amavalvu akhokhela indawo noma amavalvu e-spool, asebenza ngqo noma asebenza nge-pilot).